担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：朝鮮語  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.24939/KJH.2022.8.58.205

担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

This article investigates Teruoka Gitō’s science of labor in the context of wartime rationalization of the labor regime in the Japanese Empire. In the face of unprecedented total war, social scientists and policy makers sought to reorganize the existing labor regime so that strengthened productivity could buttress the faltering wartime economy. Resonating with a call for creating willing subjects spontaneously working for the imperial nation, scientists also involved themselves in refashioning the wartime labor regime. Teruoka Gitō was one of those scientists. Teruoka started his lifetime career as the director of the Institute for the Science of Labor, the only private labor-related research institute of the time. The institute pioneered what Teruoka and his colleagues termed the science of labor (rōdō kagaku) by integrating methodologies in medicine, psychology and social scientific approaches. To build a new field of human sciences concerning all forms of human work, labor science’s agenda covered a wide array of issues ranging from labor physiology, industrial psychology, and household budget to nutrition, urban/rural hygiene, and work efficiency. As wartime labor mobilization intensified after 1938, its research agendas expanded into surveys on agricultural migrants to Manchuria and iron mine workers in Northern China and Kyūshū. What distinguishes labor science from general labor management, with its primary focus on profit maximization? How did Teruoka situate his research agendas in the context of social and/or racial hygiene? What are the implications of labor scientific intervention in settler colonialism under the name of settler science? By tackling these questions, this article scrutinizes the possibilities and limitations of labor science as a science for workers of a national community.

担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：朝鮮語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2018.27.447

その他リンク： https://www.medhist.or.kr/upload/pdf/kjmh-27-3-447.pdf

総ページ数：157   担当ページ：162   記述言語：英語 著書種別：学術書

The rise of modern public hygiene has been one of the major themes in the history of health and medicine in Japan. The existing historical accounts generally agree on the fact that the new concept of public hygiene was introduced and put into practice as an essential part of the Meiji government’s modernization initiatives.1 Often formulated as “from yōjō to eisei,” such mod- ernization endeavors involved the process in which the newer Western-style public hygienic and medical system represented with the term eisei replaced older notions and practices of health care, yōjō. This chapter attempts to provide a more complicated and nuanced account of this transformation by revealing the complexity contained in the concepts yōjō/eisei in the Meiji context as well as by tracing the fate of yōjō afterward. In so doing, I will argue that the realm of yōjō was not merely superseded by that of eisei, but was selectively reformulated into a new domain of mental and physical health in line with the Meiji family-state ideology.

DOI： 10.4324/9781003207771-25